你是不是很期望一蹴而就?
如你所愿,
状语从句—独立主格结构—with复合结构,
三大知识点一脉相通,
何不一站搞定?
记录典型问题
分享教学方法
导语:状从、独立主格、with结构的问答时间
(S: 学生 T: 老师)
S: 老师,下面这个题为什么填非谓语coming?而不是谓语形式comes?怎么分辨是谓语还是非谓语?
Winter_____(come), can Spring be far away?
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
T: 仔细观察一下,后面句子与前面部分是逗号分隔,无连词,逗号没有能力连接两个句子,所以前部分不能构成句子,就不存在谓语V;显然是非谓语,又有自己独立的逻辑主语winter,即所谓的独立主格结构。
S: 是逗号无连词不能构成句子,那加上连词不就可以构成句子了吗?
When winter comes, can Spring be far away?
T: 聪明!你已经发现了独立主格结构的来源。
S: 哦!独立主格来源于状语从句.
T: 顾名思义,有独立的主语,所以确切地说是来源于主从句主语不一致的状语从句。
有必要总结一下独立主格结构的构成:
重点来了,在独立主格结构前加上介词with(或否定without)就构成了with的复合结构,如下图:
S: 所以上一句还可以说成:
With winter coming, can Spring be far away?
T: 梳理补充一下:
1. with复合结构来源于独立主格结构;
2. 独立主格结构来源于状从(条件:主从句主语不一致的时间、条件、原因状从)
或并列句(条件:两分句主语不一致,后一句是前一句的伴随动作);
强调一下:with结构和独立主格结构不是句子,来源于状从,故功能是状语。(但with结构有时也可作定语。)
例1:After the class was over, the students
left the classroom.(状从)=
The class (being) over, the students left the
classroom.(独立主格:n.+adj.结构)=
With the class over, the students left the
classroom.(with+n.+adj.复合结构)
例2: He came in , and a book was in his hand(并列句)=
He came in, a book in his hand.(独立主格)=
He came in, with a book in his hand.
(with结构)
例3: The boy with a book in his hand is Tom.
(with结构作定语)
例4: Don’t sleep with the windows open.=
When the windows are open, don’t sleep.
进行相互转化训练:
1.with his mother ill, he will not go on holiday.
(转化为状从和独立主格结构)
2.The test ____(finish), we began our holiday.
(填空并转化为状从和with复合结构)
3.The antelopes are thin animals, their bodies ______(cover)with white hair.
(填空并转化为并列句)
4. If the day is fine, we will go swimming.
(转化为with结构和独立主格结构)
5.With so much work to do, we had to sit up.
(转化为独立主格和状从)
本节课教学方法提炼:先见森林后见树木法
1.先建立三大知识点状从、独立主格和with复合结构的关系链;
2.后用已知来扩大未知,即用熟知的状从去理解未知的独立主格及with复合结构;
3.本是一脉相承,化繁为简,一站搞定。