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句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1、简单句
只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。如:
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
2、并列句
由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。要注意, 逗号是不可以连接句子的,这一点和汉语不同。如:
You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
1)表示连接两个同等概念,常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。
The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
He not only stole my money, but he also took my watch away.
2)表示选择,常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
3)表示转折,常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
4)表示因果关系,常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
3、复合句
复合句含有两个或两个以上主谓结构,其中一个主谓结构作另一个的成分。(而并列句的两个主谓结构间是并列关系, 而不是从属关系。)
当简单句的一个成分从词或词组变为句子时,整个句子就成为复合句了。
What he said is wrong.
The boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.
I was doing my homework when he came in.
从上面这几个句子,我们可以看出:
一个句子如果含有从句,如名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等,这个句子就是复合句。
一个句子如果出现两个主谓结构,那它就不是简单句了,要么是并列句,要么是复合句。
本文如果对你有帮助,请点赞收藏《英语小语法之3——简单句 并列句和复合句》,同时在此感谢原作者。