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外研版八年级英语上册短语

时间:2023-06-01 04:37:01

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外研版八年级英语上册短语

Module one

look up 查找(look it/them up) make a mistake/ mistakes 犯错误

write down写下;记下(write it/them down) agree with sb. 同意某人

ask for 请求(给予)(ask sb.for sth.) make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友

listen to … 听…… hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 write to sb. 给某人写信

send sth. to sb.=send sb.sth. 把……(发)送给某人 smile at sb. 冲某人微笑

laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长(做)…… =do well in sth.

be good for… 对……有好处 be bad for…对……有坏处 be from /come from 来自

be good to = be friendly to 对……友好 take sb. around… 带领某人参观……

invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地

how to do sth 如何做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事

practice doing sth. 练习做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(事情还未做)

forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) need to do sth. 需要做某事

enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 should do sth. 应该做某事

as+adj/adv.原级+as possible=as+adj./adv.原级+as sb. can 尽(某人)可能……

It+be+adj.(+for sb.) + to do sth.(对于某人来说)做某事是……的。

advise sb. to do sth./suggest(that)sb.(should) do sth. 建议某人做某事

Why not do sth.? 为何不做某事? Why don’t we(you) do sth.? 我(你)们为何不做…?

How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样? It’s a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意

You’d better (not) do sth. 你最好(别)做某事 Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

In pairs 成双的,成对的 a pair of …一双/对/套…… two pairs of…两双/套/副…

talk to sb. talk with sb. 与某人交谈 the meaning of … ……的意思

few/a few/little/a little too much/ much too/ too many

Module two

pretty good 相当好;很好 be famous for… 因……而有名

be famous as… 作为……而出名 in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代

in fact 事实上 remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事(事情未做)

remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事已做) one day 有一天(可指过去也可指将来)

some day 将来某一天 lots of= a lot of= plenty of 许多(跟可数或不可数名词)

more than=over 超过 on the coast 在海岸线 would like to do sth. 想要做某事

in the east/west/south/north of… 在……的东西南北部(内部)

What’s the population of …? ……的人口有多少? like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事

A is as +adj/adv原级+as B A和B一样……

A is not as(so) +adj/adv原级+as B A 不如B……

A has a larger(smaller) population than B. A 的人口比B多(少)

A +be +adj比较级+than B A 比B更加…… hundreds/thousands/millions of

A +be +adj 比较级+than any other 名词单数+范围 A 比…内的其他任何一个都…

A +be +adj 比较级+than the other +名词复数 A 比其他……更……

Module three

cheer…on为……加油 cheer up 使振奋,使高兴 never mind 没关系

mind doing sth 介意做某事 decide to do sth.=make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事

keep health=keep fit 保持健康 warm up 热身 play against 对抗

be late for 迟到 look+adj 看起来…… play +球类 打……球

play the +西洋乐器 演奏…… beat sb./a team 打败某人/某队

have a chance to do sth 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth 有做某事的机会

stop to do sth. 停下来做某事 stop doing sth . 停止做某事

see/hear/watch/notice sb. do sth. 看见/听见/观看/注意到某人做了某事(全过程)

see/hear/watch/notice sb. doing sth. 看见/听见/观看/注意到某人正在做某事

What’s the matter with sb/sth?=What’s wrong with sb/sth? 某人/某物怎么样?

the+比较级,the+比较级 越……,就越……

比较级and 比较级(more and more +原级) 越来越……

arrive in+大地名 arrive at+小地名 reach+地点 get to +地点 到达……

be pleased with… 对……感到满意 be pleased to do sth. 很高兴做某事

Module four

Except for 除了 far from…远离…… close to…离……近

the same as… 和……一样 be different from…和……不同

because of +词 because+句子 因为…

road accident 公路上的交通事故

by+交通工具 on a/an/the +交通工具 take a/an/the +交通工具 乘坐……

all the time 一直 in a hurry 匆忙 plan to do sth. 计划做某事

have fun =have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩的愉快,过得开心

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事话费某人多长时间。

sth.cost(s) sb. some money 某物花费某人……钱

have to do sth. 不得不做某事 must do sth. 必须做某事

What happened to you? 你怎么了?

What about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?

Would like to do sth 想要做某事

It’s best to do sth 最好做某事 It’s +adj +to do sth 做某事是……的

sb spend +时/钱 on sth. 某人在某物上花……时间/金钱

sb spend +时/钱 (in)doing sth. 某人在做某事上花……时间/金钱

sb.pay +钱+for某物

语法:用于三者或三者以上的比较,表示其中一个在某一方面超过其他几个,后面用in或of短语来说明比较范围,形容词或副词要用最高级。

(1)形容词、副词最高级的构成

1、一般单音节在词尾加-est long---longest fast---fastest

2、以“e”结尾的单音节词在词尾加-st nice---nicest late---latest

3、重读闭音节,词尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-est

big---biggest hot---hottest sad---saddest glad---gladdest

4、辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-est heavy---heaviest angry---angriest

5、多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加most difficult---most difficult

Interesting---most interesting

(2)不规则变化(特殊记忆)

good/well---better---best ill/bad/badly---worse---worst

many/much---more---most little---less---least

far---farther/further---farthest/furthest old---older/elder---oldest/eldest

结构:(1)Who+be+the+形容词最高级,A,B or C?

(2) Which+be+the+形容词最高级,A,B or C?

(3) A+谓语+the+形容词/副词最高级+表示范围的短语(of/in...

E. g.Who is the tallest?A,B or C? Which one is the best,A,B or C?

He runs fastest in his class. He is the fastest in his class.

注意:(1)形容词的最高级前通常要加定冠词the,副词的最高级前可加,也可不加。

(2)比较级表示最高级的结构:A+谓语+比较级+than any other 名词单数+范围。

Daming runs faster than any other students in his class.

翻译:它是最有趣的电影之一。

______________________________________________________

Module five

in the end =at last=finally 最后 no idea 不知道 take place 发生

send sb. to sp. 把某人送到某地 give a warm welcome to …热情欢迎……

be named /called…被命名为/叫做…… offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

offer sb.sth=offer sth to sb. provide sb with sth.=provide sth for sb. 给某人提供某物

hope to do sth 希望做某事 make sb./sth.+adj 使某人/物处于……状态

make sb do 使某人做某事 show sb sth=show sth to sb. 把某物给某人看

tell sb.(not) to do sth. 叫某人(不)做……teach sb (how) to do sth. 教某人(如何)做 ……

one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数+范围 ……中最……的之一

Module six

be in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险 take away 夺去,拿走

in peace 和平地,平静地 look after=take care of 照顾 set up 创建,建立be interested to do sth. be interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣

think of 想起;考虑;想出 think about 考虑;思考 find out 查明;找出

many kinds of 许多种…… allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事

ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不要)做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事

stop/ prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 =keep sb. from doing sth.

in order to do sth. 为了做某事 protect sb./sth. from/against … 保护某人/物免受…

enough足够 enough+n. n+enough 足够多的…… adj/adv+enough 足够……feed on …以……为食 the symbol of… ……的象征/标志

left sth+某地 把某物忘在某地

Module Seven

fall down 跌倒 fall off 落下 fall into 落入……中 fall into the river

fall behind 落后…跟不上 fall asleep 入睡 tea party 茶会

once or twice 偶尔;一两次 three times 三次 four times 四次

think about 考虑 think of 考虑;想起;想出;想到

walk/go along walk/go down… 沿着……走 go off (灯)熄灭;停(电)

on one’s way to …在某人去……的路上 on my way home on his way to school

take the place of… 代替…… look at 看

be with sb.和某人一起 nothing strange 没什么奇怪的事

call up(call sb.up)=ring sb up 给某人打电话 follow sb to do sth. 跟着某人做某事

traffic rules 交通规则

follow the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 break the traffic rules 违反交通规则

land on 落到……上 What…for? ……有什么用?(侧重目的)

try to do sth.设法做某事;尽力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事

let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧 decide to do sth. 决定做某事

stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来做某事

give sth to sb.=give sb.sth. 把某物给某人 show sb.around 带领某人参观某地

in the/a tree (外来物)在树上 on a/the tree (本身物)在树上

with 和……一起;具有(……特征) without 不具有+(doing)sth

He goes to school without( having )breakfast.

What do you think of…=How do you like …你认为……怎么样?

one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+范围 ……范围内最……的……之一

One of the best students in his class. 他们班最好的学生之一

keep doing sth 反复,坚持做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 让某人反复做某事

smile at …冲……微笑 laugh at… 嘲笑……

too …to(do)…太……而不能(做)…… so…that…如此……以至于……

not…enough to … 不够……做某事

Module Eight

in time 及时 on time 准时;按时 pay attention to(doing)sth.注意(做)某事

side by side 肩并肩地;并排地 in great pain 处于剧痛中

take off 脱下;起飞 all the time 一直;总是

pick up 捡起 make sure 确定 start with 以……开始

make a quick decision 快速做出决定 listen to听……

climb out 爬出来 be glad to do sth. 高兴做某事

use …to do …用…做… be used to do sth 被用于做…

be used for (doing) sth. 被用来(做)=be used to do sth take medicine 吃药

be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 used to do sth .过去常常做某事(现在不了)

wait to do sth 等候做某事 wait for sb./sth. 等待某人/某事

wait for sb.to do sth. 等待某人做某事 can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事

can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 sometimes 有时

some times 几次;几 some time 一段时间 sometime (过去或将来)某个时候

as soon as 一……就……(主将从现原则)

walk along=walk down 沿着……走 hurry to do sth 匆忙做某事

when和while

1.when引导的从句既可表时间点,也可表时间段,从句中的谓语动词既可是延续性也可以是短暂性动词;while引导的从句通常表示时间段,从句中宜用延续性动词作谓语。

2.含when引导的时间状语从句的主从句复合句,如果主句用过去进行时,从句应该用一般过去时,表一个动作正在进行时另一动作(突然)发生,强调动作发生的突然性。

3.当主从句的动作都是延续的或同时发生的,主从句都用过去进行时的时候,从句多用while引导。

4.从句中谓语动词是持续性动词时,when和while可以相互替换。

When/While she was watching TV,her mother came in.

Module Nine

prepare some notes 准备笔记 prepare for the New Year 为春节做准备

the population of China is…中国的人口是……

What’s the population of … ……的人口是…

one fifth 五分之一 two fifths 五分之二

hang on 稍等 in the future 在将来 in future 从今以后

close to 靠近 far from…远离…

close down (永久)关闭,关停 in fact 事实上

all over the world 全世界

talk about 谈论 talk to 和……交谈 talk with 和……交谈

population increase 人口增长 local school 当地的学校

too much rubbish 太多的垃圾 too much/too many/much too

not…any more 不再 not…any longer 不再

such as / for example 例如

have to do sth 不得不做某事 must do sth 必须做。。。

need to do sth 需要做某事

It takes sb some time to do sth. 做某事花某人多少时间

make notes=take notes 记笔记 make a report=make reports 作报告

question/problem(answer the question/solve the problem)

take it作形式主语 (花费时间) It takes sb. some time to do sth

spend 主为人 (花费时间或金钱) Sb. spend …on sth/(in/on) doing sth.

pay 主为人 花费金钱 Sb. pay (sb/some money)for sth.

cost 主为物 花费金钱 sth. cost sb. some money

pollution[u] air/ noise/ water/ pollution 空气/噪音/水污染

the public holiday 公共假日 a public telephone 公用电话 in public 在公共场合 leave+地点 离开某地 leave for +地点 离开去某地 leave sth+地点 把某物忘在某地

face to face 面对面 make a face 做鬼脸 face the truth 面对事实

die from 由于……而死(外因) die of 因……而死(内因)

raise money for…为……筹钱 raise money for Project Hope 为希望工程筹钱

冠词:不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)、零冠词

不定冠词的用法:

1.表示“每一”的概念=every。 2.表示首次提到某人或某物,起介绍作用。

3.表示“一个”。 4.固定短语。

定冠词的用法:

1.指前文提到过的人或物。 2.特指某人或某物。

3.说话双方都知道的人或物。 4.专有名词前。

5.世上独一无二的事物前。 6.姓氏复数形式前,表示一家人或夫妇二人。

7.形容词最高级前。 8.序数词前。 9.西洋乐器前。

10.某些形容词前加the,指一类人或物。 11.固定短语。

(3)零冠词的用法: 1.在球类活动,节日、月份、星期前不用冠词。

2.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词等做定语的不用。

(4)有无定冠词有区别的:

in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院(工作或参观等)

at table 在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁

in class 在上课 in the class 在班级中

at school 在上课求学 at the school 在学校

数字的读法:基数词、序数词、数字的读法(举例)。

分数(举例): 百分数:用percent表示%,举例:

Module Ten

quite a lot 相当多 as well=too/also 也

take photos of 给……拍照 come on =hurry up 快点

compared with/to 与……相比较

compare to 比作…

from time to time 有时 make sure 务必

have to do sth 不得不做某事 during the day 在白天

more than=over 超过 all year round 整年;常年

had better/ should do 最好/应该做某事

the best time to do sth 做某事的最好时间

what’s the weather like in+地点?=How’s the weather in+地点?

it’s a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意

take sth with sb. 某人随身携带某物

want to do sth=would like to do sth. 想要做某事

joke with sb.和某人开玩笑

tell a joke=tell jokes 讲笑话

play a joke on sb.取笑某人

make a joke of sth 拿某事开玩笑

cloud---cloudy wind---windy snow---snowy

rain---rainy sun---sunny fog---foggy

both either neither all none

wish (sb.)to do sth. 希望某人做某事

hope to do sth. 希望做某事

hope(that) sb (could)do sht 希望某人做某事

better get going=had better go now最好现在走

We’d better get going.=We’d better go now.

strong wind 大风 风刮得大用strongly

heavy rain 大雨 雨下得大用heavily

join 参加党派、团体、组织,成为其中一员 join the army 参军

join sb in (doing)sth. 和某人一起做某事

join in 参加小规模的活动,比如球赛、游戏。

may/might 表达可能发生某事或某人可能做某事。区别不大,形式上might是过去式,在表示将来的可能情况时,might表示的可能性比may的可能性还小。

probably/perhaps/maybe

Module Eleven

a chess set 一副国际象棋 video game 电子游戏

do some cleaning 打扫卫生

bad luck 倒霉

shake hands 握手 have afternoon tea 喝下午茶

light meal 便饭 look up 查;查找

clean up 打扫干净 wash up 洗刷;饭后洗餐具

at the age of…在……岁时 make mistakes 犯错误

can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做…

for example/such as 例如 for the first time 首次;初次

the Spring Festival 春节 stay out 待在外面;不回家

get married 结婚 on time 准时

be different from 与……不同

No doing 禁止做… taste +adj. 尝起来……

had better (not) do sth 最好(不)做某事

How about doing …做某事怎么样

accept接受/receive 收到

each other =2 / one another >=3 相互,彼此

not…but…不是……而是……

not only…but also…不仅……而且……(就近原则)

around+数字/about+数字/数字+or so 大约

touch sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀

被动语态结构:be+动词的过去分词 English is spoken all over the world.

back-to-front 前后颠倒,反了 She put her dress on back-to-front.

情态动词:can, must, need

can:

must:

need:

need实意动词/情态动词

needn’t do sth 不必做某事

Module Twelve:

first aid 急救 in aid of…用以帮助…… with the aid of…在……帮助下

at the bottom of 在……的底部 bottoms up! 干杯

from the bottom of one’s heart 衷心地,真诚地

lift up 抬起;提起 (it/them放中间)

make sure 确保;确认 +that从句 Make sure(that)he takes the medicine three times a day. prepare for 为……做准备 above all 首要的是

have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 have trouble with sb/sth 某人/物有毛病 broken glass 碎玻璃 be in trouble 在困境中,有麻烦 get into trouble 惹上麻烦 take the trouble to do sth.费力做某事 Thank you for taking the trouble to help me.

medical help 医疗救助 find out 查明 stay away from 远离

in short 总之 for short 简称

In short,I believe you. Telephone is called phone for short.

in short of 缺少,快用完 be short for 是……的缩写

They are in short of water. TV is short for television.

on one’s way (to sp) 在(去……的)路上

cover…with…用……盖上 be covered with… 被……覆盖 in an earthquake 在地震中

jump out of 从……跳出 run out of 从……跑出 lie down 躺下

because/because of make sb +adj 使某人…… make sb do sth 使某人做某事

such…that…如此……以至于……

such+a/an+adj+名词单数+that从句:He is such a cute boy that we all like him.

such+adj+名词复数+that从句:He has such good parents that he his happy every day.

such+adj+不可数名词+that从句:There is such much water that I have to clean it up first.

so …that… 如此……以至于……

so+adj/adv+that 从句:He is so cute that we all like him.

so+adj+a/an+名词单数+that 从句:He is so cute a boy that we all like him.

stop to do / doing sth keep+adj. 使保持……状态 keep doing sth 反复做某事

be/keep clear of sth 不和……接触 be careful of (doing) sth 小心(做)某事

be careful of=be careful about 小心,对什么谨慎/注意Be careful to do sth 小心做某事warn sb. about (doing) sth 提醒某人注意(做)某事 warn sb of sth.警告某人某事

warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事

warn sb not to do sth=warn sb against doing sth 警告某人不要做某事

try (not) to do sth 尽力(不)做某事 be proud of sb.为某人感到自豪

What’s wrong with sb.sth ? 某人/某物怎么了?

=What’s the matter/trouble with …?

be bad for…=be harmful to…=do harm to…对……有害

语法:(1)祈使句:表示请求、命令、劝告、警告或禁止等语气的句子。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称,通常省略,谓语动词用动词原形。句末通常用句号或感叹号。

祈使句的句式:1.Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他。 Let him go.

2.Do型:行为动词原形(+宾语)+其他。Come here. Put it away.

3.Be型:Be+表语(名词、形容词)+其他。 Be quiet. Be careful.

否定形式:1.Don’t+动词原形+其他。 Don’t go.

2.以let开头的祈使句否定形式有两种:

1)Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他。 Don’t let him go.

2)Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他。 Let them not sit down.

3.No+v-ing/名词。No smoking./No photos.

(2)can,must,could表示推测:can与could 表推测“会,可能”,can比could表示的可能性要大,用于否定句时,can’t表示不可能。must意为“一定,准是”通常只用于肯定句,表示有把握的猜测,其否定不能用mustn’t,而是can’t。

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  1. 须菩提2023-12-06 15:33须菩提[山西省网友]203.19.60.53
    外研版的短语很贴近生活,学起来很轻松愉快,对提高口语表达能力很有帮助。
    顶4踩0
  2. 獨写丶莪嘚悲殇゛2023-09-03 10:05獨写丶莪嘚悲殇゛[台湾省网友]45.116.208.163
    这套教材的短语很实用,让我在日常生活中也能够轻松运用,非常棒!
    顶2踩0
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