一、重点词汇
1. charity ["trti] n. 慈善机构，慈善团体
The concert will raise money for local charities.
这场音乐会将为当地慈善机构募捐。
2. monarch butterfly 黑脉金斑蝶
Like many tourists, the monarch butterfly prefers to spend winter in the warmth of Mexico.
和许多旅行者一样，黑脉金斑蝶喜欢去墨西哥过一个温暖的冬天。
3. Atlantic [t"lntk] adj. 大西洋的
This part of the west coast of Scotland is very exposed to Atlantic winds.
苏格兰西海岸的这一段完全暴露在大西洋海风前。
4. whale [wel] n. 鲸
A whale is a kind of mammal.
鲸是一种哺乳动物。
5. annual ["njl] adj. 一年一度的，每年的
The issues will be voted on at the company"s annual meeting on April 21.
这些问题将在该公司4月21日的年会上投票表决。
6. seek [sik] v. 寻找，寻求
Drivers are advised to seek alternative routes.
驾车者被告知需另寻其他路线。
7. measure ["me] v. 量，测量
Measure the length and width of the gap.
测量一下这个裂口的长度和宽度。
8. position [p"zn] n. 位置
Where would be the best position for the lights?
这些灯装在什么位置最好？
9. determine [d"tmn] v. 测定，确定
An inquiry was set up to determine the cause of the accident.
已展开调查以确定事故原因。
10. eventually ["ventl] adv. 终于，最终
Our flight eventually left five hours late.
我们的班机最终晚了五个小时起飞。
11. solution [s"lun] n. 解决，解决方法
Do you have a better solution?
你有更好的解决办法吗？
12. amazing ["mez] adj. 惊人的，了不起的
It was one of the most amazing films I"ve ever seen.
这是我看过的最精彩的电影之一。
13. crash [kr] v. 暴跌
This stock market crash is really bad.
这次股票市场暴跌得真厉害。
14. per cent [p "sent] n. 百分比
The index is up almost 30 per cent this year.
今年迄今为止该指数已累计上涨近30%。
15. destroy [d"str] v. 破坏，毁掉
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
这栋建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。
16. survive [s"vav] v. 活下来，幸存
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
17. effect ["fekt] n. 影响，结果
The illness had a profound effect on his outlook.
这场病对他的人生观产生了深刻的影响。
18. flow chart 流程图，作业图
This flow chart summarizes the overall costing process.
这张流程图概括了成本计算的全程。
19. authority ["θrt] n. 当权，权力
A family member in a family business has a position of authority and power.
家族企业中的家族成员拥有权威和权力。
20. source [ss] n. 来源，出处
Renewable sources of energy must be used.
可再生的能源必须利用。
21. button ["btn] n. 按钮
Adam pressed a button and waited for the lift.
亚当按了一个按钮，然后等着乘坐电梯。
22. recover [r"kv(r)] v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复
The economy is at last beginning to recover.
经济终于开始复苏了。
23. shock [k] n. 吃惊，震惊
The news of my promotion came as a shock.
我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。
24. element ["elmnt] n. 基本部分，要素
Cost was a key element in our decision.
价钱是我们决策时考虑的主要因素。
25. the elements 天气(尤指坏天气)
brave the elements 不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
We decided to brave the elements and go for a walk.
我们决定冒着风雨出去散步。
26. variety [v"rati] n. 多样化，变化
We all need variety in our diet.
我们都需要饮食多样化。
27. per [p] prep. 每
Rooms cost ￡50 per person, per night.
房价每人每晚50英镑。
28. path [pɑθ] n. 小径，小道
Follow the path through the woods.
沿着这条小路穿过树林。
29. concentrate ["knsntret] v. 专注，专心
I can"t concentrate with all that noise going on.
吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。
30. image ["md] n. 图像，影像
Slowly, an image began to appear on the screen.
屏幕上慢慢地出现了一幅图像。
31. after all 毕竟，终究
He could not, after all, stop all the evil in the world.
毕竟他无法阻止世界上的所有恶行。
32. reaction [ri"kn] n. (对某一情形或事件的)反应
What was his reaction to the news?
他对这消息有何反应？
33. file [fal] n. 档案，文件
Every file on the same disk must have a different name.
同一磁盘上的每一个文件都必须有不同的文件名。
二、常用表达方式
1. What are the relationships between the people and the animals? 人与动物之间的关系是什？
relationship(s) between A and B A与B之间的关系
The film explores the relationship between artist and instrument. 这部电影探究了艺术家和乐
器之间的关系。
2. What animals do you often interact with? 你经常与什么动物可以互动？
interact with 与……互动
After initiation, the youths started to interact with the older members. 入会仪式后，这些小伙
子与老成员开始互动。
3. Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long
and difficult journey. 每年秋天，数以百万计的长着好看的黑色和橙色翅膀的美丽昆虫，开
始了漫长而艰难的旅程。
millions of 数百万的
There were millions of people there. 那里有数百万人。
4. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California
or Mexico. 不知是用什么方法，它们能向南飞行约4000千米，并找到去加利福尼亚或墨
西哥的路。
(1) manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
We manage to get most of our produce in Britain. 我们设法在英国买到了大部分产品。
(2) find one"s way to 找到去……的路
I am trying to find my way to the cinema. 我正在找去电影院的路。
5. These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky…
这两项信息 —— 一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置……
where引导定语从句，修饰the point, where在从句中作地点状语。the time…and the point…
作two pieces of information的同位语。
6. The solution to the mystery of the monarch"s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in
serious trouble. 在黑脉金斑蝶遭遇严重的麻烦之时，人们终于揭开了它惊人的能力之谜。
when 引导定语从句，修饰a time。
the solution to... ……的解决方法
We now have the solution to this problem. 我们现在有了解决这个问题的办法。
7. Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. 在过去的几年里，它
的数量锐减了90%。
as much as 多达
Tour prices are being discounted as much as 33%. 旅行价格打了6.7折之多。
8. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. 不
幸的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。
the reason why…是固定句式，表示“……的原因”，why 引导定语从句，why在从句中作原因状语。
That is the reason why he lost his job. 这就是他失去工作的原因。
9. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat. 他们砍
伐树木，使用化学物质灭除黑脉金班蝶幼虫吃的植物。
cut down 砍倒(树等)
cut in 插嘴
cut out 裁剪；删除
cut up 切碎，剁碎
cut across/through 抄近路穿过
10. The research on the monarch"s behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this
creature. 然而，对黑脉金斑蝶习性的研究，使人们对这种生物有了更深刻的认识。
lead to 导致；致使
This can lead to bodily weakness. 这样可能会导致身体虚弱。
11. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough
plants for it to feed on. 人们一直在协同工作，记录它的迁徙情况，确保有足够的植物供
它食用。
(1) have been working是现在完成进行时，表示动作始于过去，持续到现在或将来，其构
成是have/has been doing。
I have been learning English since three years ago. 三年以来我一直在学英语。
(2) make sure that... 保证，确保
Make sure that you drink plenty of fluids. 务必保证足够的水分摄入。
(3) feed on 以……为食；以……为生
The caterpillars feed on a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants. 毛虫以各类树木、灌木和植
物为食。
12. If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once
again. 如果这项工作奏效，一段时间内黑脉金斑蝶的数量可能会再次增加。
there come…是倒装句。if引导条件状语从句；when 引导定语从句，修饰a time。
(1) the number of ……的数量(后接可数名词复数)
The teacher miscounted the number of boys. 老师数错了男生的人数。
(2) once again (= once more)再次
Let me remind you once again so that you won"t forget. 我再说一遍，省得你忘了。
13. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep
its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 我们对这一可爱生物了解的越多，它
生存下来的机会就越大，并在未来很长一段时间内保持其在自然界中的地位。
the+比较级…, the+比较级…，表示“越……就越……”，前者表示条件，后者表示结果。
The faster you travel, the more likely you are to have an accident. 行驶得越快，越容易出事
故。
14. Choose where you are most likely to find the passage. 选出你最可能找到这篇文章的出处。
be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事
likely—more likely(比较级)—most likely(最高级)
Only the few are likely to enjoy this film. 只有少数人可能会欣赏这部影片。
15. In a travel leaflet encouraging people to visit North America. 在一本动员人们去北美旅游的
小册子上。
encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做
Banks actively encourage people to borrow money. 银行积极鼓动人们贷款。
16. On 30 May, after the preparations were complete, the day finally came when the pandas met
their fans for the first time. 5月30日，在准备工作完成后，熊猫终于迎来了第一次见到它们粉丝的日子。
for the first time 第一次
We saw rivers for the first time in days. 这么多天来，我们第一次看见了河流。
17. In fact, the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987. 事实上，上一次是
1987年，荷兰就有了熊猫。
in fact 事实上
= as a matter of fact, actually
In fact, we already have the technology to do so. 事实上，我们已经拥有这样做的技术支持。
18. In a debate, first listen out for the main topic. 在辩论中，首先要倾听主题。
listen out for 留心听
Please listen out for the phone while I"m in the bath. 我洗澡时请你留心听着有没有电话来。
19. As the world"s first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife, but it is
probably best known for its bears. 黄石公园是世界上第一个国家公园，以其野生生物的多
样性而闻名，但它可能以其熊而最出名。
(1) the variety of ……的多样性
a variety of 各种各样的
First of all we are increasing the variety of our adapters.
首先，我们正在增加适配器的种类。
Minerals can be absorbed and utilized by the body in a variety of different forms. 人体可通过
很多不同形式吸收和利用矿物质。
(2) be known for 因……而出名(=be famous for)
The French are known for their love of their language. 法国人热爱自己的语言是出了名的。
20. Despite a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per
hour and are also excellent swimmers. 尽管它们的体重超过300公斤，但它们能以每小时
大约64千米的速度奔跑，同时还是优秀的游泳健将。
at a speed of 以……的速度
The car went at a speed of 100 kilometers an hour. 那辆车子以每小时100公里的速度开过
去了。
21. While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that
I was being watched. 当我正在全神贯注地拍摄这一令人惊叹的景象时，我突然有一种被
人监视的感觉。
concentrate (sth) on sth 把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
We could not concentrate on the lesson because the room was noisy. 屋里太吵，我们无法全
神贯注地听课。
22. When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera. 当我从震惊中恢复过来时，我看
着我的照相机。
recover from 从……中恢复
They took a long time to recover from this shock. 他们隔了好久才从这次打击中恢复过来。
23. From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. 我时不时
地看看这张照片，以提醒自己要尊重所有动物。
(1) from time to time 时不时地
His daughters visited him from time to time when he was ill. 他生病的时候他的女儿们时常
去探望他。
(2) show respect to 对……表示尊重
We should show respect to the old. 我们应该尊重老人。
24. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 毕竟我们是它们世界的访客。
强调句型
强调句型的结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that引导的从句(如果被强调部分是人，也可
用who代替that)。被强调的部分通常是句子的主语、宾语或状语，这种句型不能强调谓
语或定语。
eg. He read three books in the library yesterday. 他昨天在图书馆读了三本书。
It was he who that read three books in the library yesterday. (强调主语) 是他昨天在图书
馆读了三本书。
It was three books that he read in the library yesterday. (强调宾语) 他昨天在图书馆读的
是三本书。
It was in the library that he read three books yesterday. (强调地点状语) 昨天他就是在图
书馆里读了三本书。
It was yesterday that he read three books in the library. (强调时间状语) 昨天他在图书馆
读了三本书。
注意：判断 It is/was…that…这样的句型是不是强调句，只须把It is/was和who/that去掉，如果意思是完整的，就是强调句。反之，就不是。
It was I who met him in the street last Friday.
去掉It was和who，意思没有改变，仍然是一个完整的句子，所以它是强调句。
25. I took a photo of the bear. 我拍了一张熊的照片。
take a photo of 给……拍照
Please take a photo of my baby. 请给我的孩子照一张相吧。
26. Wildlife photographers aim to photograph animals in their natural habitats. 野生生物摄影师
力争在动物的自然栖息地拍摄它们。
aim to do sth 力争做某事
Aim to do some physical activity three times a week for optimum health. 为了达到最佳的健
康状况，要力争每周进行3次身体锻炼。
27. Wildlife photographers have the opportunity to see animals in the wild and help improve
people"s understanding of them. 野生生物摄影师有机会在野外看到动物，并帮助提高人们
对它们的了解。
have the opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事
We have the opportunity to help him. 我们有机会可以帮助他。
28. Write a short description of the animal. 写一个关于动物的简短描述。
write a short description of… 写下对……的简短描述
First of all you would determine the target audience and write a short description
of each chapter. 首先你要确定目标读者，并且为每一章写一个简短的描述。
29. Vote for the best story. 投票选出最好的故事。
vote for 投票支持
vote against 投票反对
He would vote against it on principle. 他会根据原则投反对票。
30. 定语从句：关系副词的用法
(1) 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, why。关系副词的作用如下：
① 指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；
② 在从句中充当句子成分——状语；
③ 起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来。
when表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time, day, week, year等；where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place, factory, house, village等，或表示抽象地点的名词，如position, point, case, stage, situation, atmosphere等；why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reason。
Do you remember the day when we saw the accident? 你还记得我们看到那起事故的那一天吗?
This is the place where we met each other for the first time. 这是我们第一次见面的地方。
We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. 我们不知道他为什么没来。
(2) 定语从句的关系词的选用取决于关系词在定语从句中所作的成分。若关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，用关系代词；若关系词在从句中作状语，用关系副词。
I will never forget the day when I first met Susan in the park. 我永远不会忘记我第一次在
公园遇见苏珊的那一天。（作时间状语）
I will never forget the day which / that we spent together. 我永远也不会忘记我们在一起度
过的那一天。（作宾语）
This is the school where my sister works. 这是我姐姐工作的学校。（作地点状语）
The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. 他没去上学的原因是他病了。（作
原因状语）
根据从句的谓语动词，是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关
系副词。
This is the factory that/which I visited last year. 这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词)
This is the factory where he used to work. 这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。 (work是不及物动词)
(3) when, where和why可以替换成“介词+which”结构。
The birthday is the day on which a person was born. (on which=when) 生日是一个人出生的
日子。
This is the room in which we lived last year. (in which=where) 这是我们去年住过的房间。
Do you know the reason for which he was late? (for which=why) 你知道他迟到的原因吗？
