虚拟语气在托福考试的考点中不是那么的重要,但是鉴于它的活跃表现,我们对它还是要有一定的了解的,这对于解读也是很有帮助的。
雅托邦小编今天就给大家说说虚拟语气,虚拟语气是英文中一种特殊的语言现象,其主要是用来表达与事实相反的一个陈述,所表达的一个强烈的愿望、遗憾、感慨、后悔、责备等等的一些语义。
虚拟语气大致可以分为三类:
一、对现在事实的虚拟
其基本的形式为:If+were/did等的过去式...,..would/could/should/might+do。比如像:If I were a bird, I would fly to the moon.
(真实情况是: I "m not a bird, so I will not fly to the moon.)
二、对过去事实的虚拟
其基本的形式为:If+had done...,..would/could/should/might+have done。比如像:If she had been warned earlier, she wouldn"t have broken the rules.
(真实情况是:She was not warned earlier and She broke the rules.)
小编贴士:这种的虚拟是可以进行倒装的。比如像:Had the letter been sent out, it would have our friendship train.其等于:
If the letter had been sent out, it would have thought our friendship.
三、对将来事实的虚拟
其基本的形式为:If+should do...,..would/could/should/might+do,这个意思就有点像我们常说的“万一”。比如像:If he should forget the date, I might teach him a good lesson.(真实情况是:He is unlikely to forget the date.)
小编贴士:这种虚拟也是可以进行倒装的。Should my car fail, I would have to return home on foot.
其等于:If my car should fail, I would have to return to home on foot.
在这里大家有一些注意事项要记得:
一、部分动词的宾语从句中需要用虚拟语气,形式是should do,但是其中常常会省略掉should。这一类的动词有insist, demand, suggest, withdraw, order, require, decide, ask, request等等。使用的时候像这样:The professor suggested that the students (should) collect enough materials before they work on this project.不过,如果上面提到的动词是以名词形式出现的时候,后面的that从句仍然是要用虚拟语气的。比如像:He gives me the suggestion that I (should) eat breakfast every moning.
二、在一些惯用语的后面也是经常需要用到虚拟的,以此来表示与事实相反或者难以实现的事情。这一类的习语有:as if, as though, but for, otherwise, without, wish, if only等等。使用的话像:But for your help, I would not have arrived here in time.,
三、在一些形容词引导的that从句里面必须要用虚拟语气(should)do,但是由于should经常是被省略的,所以实际上用的就是动词原形,像这一类的形容词有:It is important/necessary/proper/imperative/essential/advisable等+that。这种句子有:It is necessary that he (should) realize his situation.
照例,为了让那个各位有个更加清晰的认识,我们来进行例题解析:
例:Abraham Lincoln insisted that --- not just on mere opinion but on moral purpose.
(A) to the base centre
(B) for democracy to be based
(C) the centre be -based
(D) clean democracy is based
解析:在题目里面,动词insist的后面的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气,从句谓语应该是should do或者(should)do,而在选项里面,只有C符合要求,谓语是动词原型,所以选C。
以上就是雅托邦小编给大家分享的关于虚拟语气的解析,望大家参考有所收获,有什么问题欢迎来和小编讨论哦!