还在为自己的英语写作水平而苦恼吗？
还因为语言不够专业而被退稿吗？
还不知道怎么提高自己的英语水平吗？
来，这里有免费的课程
包教包会！
10月20日，Jan Willem Wijnen 给我们带来了一场非常实用的课程，参与人数爆满。为了让更多的人能学到这些实用的技能，我们整理了课程视频和文字版要点，欢迎大家免费分享和领取~
*特别说明，Jan Willem Wijnen在课程中所用到的实例都是与期刊的编辑们进行过深度讨论的。另外，本次课程的内容针对的是发表在期刊上的论文。
在国际英文学术期刊上发表一项成功的科学研究成果是每个科研人员的必经之路，写论文本身就是很难的，用外语就更难了，10-20%的论文因语言不佳而被拒稿。因此，掌握科研论文的英语写作技巧，很关键！
01
改变你的写作风格
简洁！简洁！简洁！
使用短句
拒绝冗长的句子，化繁为简！
长句子可能无法清楚表达，因为有太多的信息。一个句子应该只包含一个想法或要点。复杂的句子可以转化为几个简单的句子，会让人读起来更容易理解。
举个例子
原句：Since single photon detectors are still difficult to be miniaturized based on current technologies, the efforts on this direction are focused on how to reduce the size of the QKD sender, which emits photons with different quantum states.
修改后：Single photon detectors are still difficult to be miniaturized. Therefore current efforts are focussed on smaller QKD senders, which emit photons with different quantum states.
将一个长句拆分为两个短句来表达，是不是变得更加简洁明了了？
使用简单的词汇
拒绝复杂词汇！
有些短语看起来很复杂，它们读起来就更难懂。使用简单的词语会使句子更短更清楚。
常见的短语有：
举个例子
In spite of the fact that Wang reported a substantial increase, …
Although Wang reported a substantial increase,…
用简单的词汇和简短的语句能让你的表达更加清晰。
举个例子
原句：As far as our observations are concerned, they show that the organism in question has the ability to resist AAPB and there can be little doubt that this is due to the fact that saturation is reduced owing to the subsequent addition of NaCl.
改造As far as our observations are concerned = We observed
has the ability = can
there can be little doubt that = probably
due to the fact = because
owing to the subsequent = after
新句子：We observed that this organism can resist AAPB, probably because of the lower saturation after addition of NaCl.
去掉多余的单词
有些时候，使用一些标准的单词或短语是没有必要的，反而会使文章的句子更加拗口难懂。
举个例子
原句：“Much interest has centered on the question of whether doping agents are important for the nanostructure of surfaces at high temperatures. This article will first review proposals for important single doping agents arising from studies of metal oxides, then review studies employing materials containing mixed agents. Doping agents thought to influence surface structures by affecting bulk properties will be considered in a following section”. (64 words)
修改后：“Are doping agents important for the nanostructure of surfaces? Below we review proposals derived from single and mixed agents and agents affecting bulk properties.” (28 words)
化繁为简之后，整篇文章看起来更加流畅易懂，不要考验期刊编辑的耐心！
02
语法：文章中的时态语态
（图片来源：网络）
之前小编给大家整理过科研论文的主要框架和每部分的写作要点（请戳：有了这份论文撰写宝典，轻松拿下高分期刊！），科研论文的每个部分都应该使用对应的时态。动词用来描述一个研究活动，时态告诉我们它发生的时间。主动语态强调进行研究的人，被动语态强调研究本身。
Introduction
已经被证实过的事实→ 一般现在时Proteomics provides important information for understanding drug design.
之前已经做过的研究→ 现在完成时，被动语态Few experiments have been carried out to discover ….
Methods
在这项研究中所做的工作的描述→一般过去时，被动语态The composition of the sample was determinedusing standard procedures.
Results
描述获得的研究结果→一般过去时After inhibition by ABC enzymes, the cell activity diminished in both groups.
参考图表、数据图→一般现在时Table 7 shows the results of the experiments
Discussion
解释结果，陈述一般事实→一般现在时
Removing the source negatively affectsthe resistance to PKS.
描述过去的研究发现→一般过去时当前的研究事实→一般现在时Acidic content did not change the sensitivity of the materials and this presents a new explanation.
其实我们从开始学英语的时候就在学习语法，但在写文章时还是会用错，怎么办呢？多读一些文章，着重学习语法，而不是文章内容。
03
剽窃不可取
剽窃是指不注明出处而使用他人的想法、研究结果或文字。
剽窃可能导致论文被拒或(发表后)被撤回，会对学术生涯产生严重的影响。无意的剽窃，甚至复制2-3句话都可以被认为是学术不道德行为。自我剽窃，也就是重复使用你自己的文章内容也是不被编辑接受的。正确注明引用出处，不要直接复制粘贴！
04
使用科学学术语言
（图片来源：网络）
Title
读者和编辑首先看到的是文章的标题。它应该鼓励读者阅读完整的文章。同时标题也是在搜索引擎中搜索的关键词。关于如何写标题，请戳：A+B+C，帮你搞定论文题名！
一个好的标题应该：
用10-20个词描述一篇论文的内容表达研究的主要结果，具体，简洁和完整吸引读者包含关键词
写标题时避免使用：
不必要的词汇和行话不常见的词语，模糊的术语缩写，首字母缩略词和首字母缩略词非特定的开头，比如 “Results of" 或者“A Study of”
举个例子
原标题：New insights into properties of treated coated metal
这个标题太概括了，没有强调是哪些性质，哪些金属，如何处理?
修改后：Antibacterial and biological characteristics of tantalum oxide coated titanium pretreated by plasma electrolytic oxidation
当然，标题也不宜冗长！
举个例子
原标题：Report on a case of specific protein poisoning in a diabetic child
修改后：Protein poisoning in a diabetic child: A case report
Abstract
关于摘要的写作，我们之前详细的阐述过，此处不再赘述，大家可以查看：如何写好文章摘要？
举个例子
原摘要：Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has become one of the most powerful techniques in the fields of material science, inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology. In terms of resolutions, advanced TEM may reach a high spatial resolution of 0.05 nm, a high energy-resolution of 7 meV. In addition, in situ TEM can help researchers to image the process happened within 1 ms. This paper reviews the recent technical progresses of applying advanced TEM characterization on nanomaterials for catalysis. The text is organized based on the perspective of application: for example, size, composition, phase, strain, and morphology. The electron beam induced effect and in situ TEM are also introduced. I hope this review can help the scientists in related fields to take advantage of advanced TEM to their own researches.
修改后：Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique in material science, inorganic chemistry and nanotechnology, due to high spatial resolution and a high energy-resolution. In situ TEM allows researchers to image processes within 1 ms. This paper reviews recent applications of advanced TEM characterization on nanomaterials for catalysis related to size, composition, phase, strain, and morphology. The electron beam induced effect and in situ TEM are also introduced.
Cover Letter
关于投稿信的写作，我们之前详细的阐述过，此处不再赘述，大家可以查看：如何写一封有说服力的投稿信？
05
线上免费资源
网上有很多免费的工具和网站，有一些是专门针对学术论文写作的资源，比如Manchester Academic Phrasebank，
网址：www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk
给大家分享几个免费资源的网址，有时间可以好好研究学习一下：
https://www.merriam-webster.com/https://www.synonym.com/https://www.thesaurus.com/
英语写作水平的提高不是一蹴而就的，需要时间的积累。掌握一些基本的写作技巧可以事半功倍，避免低级错误。
科研本身就是一条不平凡的路，艰难却有意义。
所以，努力吧，朋友们！
KeAi
来源：科爱出版
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