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状语：修饰形容词，副词，名词短语，动词以及整个句子的句子成分，它表示时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。
He did it carefully.(carefully 副词修饰do 字典里标注为adv)
Only a girl survived the war.(only 副词修饰a girl这个名词短语 字典无里标注)
They missed me verymuch. (very 副词修饰much 字典里标注为adv)
Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.(without his help 介词短语修饰couldn"t work it out 字典里无标注)
In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.(In order to catch up with my classmates动词不定式修饰study hard 字典里无标注)
When I was young, I could swim well. (一个句子when I was young 修饰swim well我们所谓的状语从句 字典里无标注)
Luckily, we won the game. (luckily 副词 修饰we won the game 字典里标注为adv)
Standing under the tree, the boy shouted loudly. Boy和stand在逻辑上是主谓关系，正在发生。(standingunder the tree 动词ing 我们所谓的现在分词或动名词 字典里无标注)
Killed in the car, the man’s body remained undetected for long. Man和kill在逻辑上是被动关系，已经发生。(killedin the car 动词的过去分词 字典里无标注)
学习了句子成分后，童鞋们说话首先考虑下所用之词或短语能否正确的作它们各自的句子成分，不要再只顾及意思而不顾及基础结构语法来说话了。大家一定注意
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