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1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如： I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor. He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
☆注意
小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面， 可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助 动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三 个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于 一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。 如：Are you a student?
Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
Is she a doctor?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Does he work in a hospital?
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
Are there four fans in our classroom?
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Are you going to buy a comic book tonight?
Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)
Will he eat lunch at 12:00?
Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).
Are they swimming?
Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening?
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
☆注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，
①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点 符号变成问号即可。 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只 用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问 句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。 此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：
What is this?
It’s a computer.
What does he do?
He’s a doctor. Where are you going?
I’m going to Beijing.
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?
Mike.
Which season do you like best?
Summer.
When do you usually get up?
I usually get up at 6:30.
Whose skirt is this?
It’s Amy’s.
Why do you like spring best?
Because I can plant trees.
How are you?
I’m fine. / I’m happy.
How did you go to Xinjiang?
I went to Xinjiang by train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容
词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）,how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）,how big（多大）,how heavy（多重） 例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils. How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配， How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……？ How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……？ How many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少……？
I’m=I am
he’s=he is
she’s=she is
they’re=they are
you’re=you are
there’s=there is
they’re=they are
can’t=can not
don’t=do not
doesn’t=does not
isn’t=is not
aren’t=are not
let’s=let us won’t=will not
I’ll=I will wasn’t=was not
总结：通常情况下，"m即am，"s即is（但 let’s=let us）， "re即are，n"t即not （但can’t=can not）
注：五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )
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