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「来源: ｜投必得学术 ID：topeditUS」
路易斯·屋大维·巴罗佐（Luiz Otávio Barros）在20世纪90年代末为他的硕士论文阅读收集了数百个句型，并发现这些句型有助于他后来的学术写作。为了帮助其他硕士/博士生掌握这些句型，他于2016年发表了包含600个例子的句型库著作【1】。为了让读者欣赏部分句型，巴罗佐提供一个链接【2】，分12类给出了70个句型。本文给出70个句型的一般性翻译，供参考。更准确的翻译应结合自身论文的特殊内容。
第1组——论证
a.按照类似的思路，[X]认为__。
b.似乎没有令人信服的理由来证明__。
c.作为对这一点的反驳，可以认为__。
d.有[三个]主要论点可以用来支持__。
e.赞成/反对[X]的基本论点是__。
f.[X]赞成/反对[Y]的论点如下:_ _ _ _。
Argue
a. Along similar lines, [X] argues that ___.b. There seems to be no compelling reason to argue that ___.c. As a rebuttal to this point, it could be argued that ___.d. There are [three] main arguments that can be advanced to support ___.e. The underlying argument in favor of / against [X] is that ___.f. [X]’s argument in favor of / against [Y] runs as follows: ___
第2组——断言
a.在这篇[论文]中，我提出了__的主张。
b.[X]提出了这样的说法。
c.有充分的/越来越多的人支持这样的说法。
d.[X]研究结果支持关于___的说法。
e.[X]采取中间立场，声称__。
Claim
a. In this [paper], I put forward the claim that ___.b. [X] develops the claim that ___.c. There is ample / growing support for the claim that ___.d. [X]’s findings lend support to the claim that ___.e. Taking a middle-ground position, [X] claims that ___.
第3组——数据
a.[试点研究]中收集的数据表明__。
b.数据似乎表明__。
c.这项[研究]得出的数据提供了强有力/令人信服的_____证据。
d.仔细看数据表明__。
e.[X]生成的数据在[表1]中给出。
f.这个[部分]的目的是超越数据和__。
Data
a. The data gathered in the [pilot study] suggest that ___.b. The data appears to suggest that ___.c. The data yielded by this [study] provide strong / convincing evidence that ___.
d. A closer look at thedata indicates that ___.e. The data generated by [X] are reported in [table 1].f. The aim of this [section] is to generalize beyond the data and ___.
第4组——辩论
a.[X]鼓励了关于__的辩论。
b.关于__，有一场没有定论的辩论。
c._ _ _ _这个问题[多年来]在[我们这个行业]引起了很多争论。
d.当前的争论主要围绕着__。
Debate
a. [X] has encourageddebate on ___.b. There has been an inconclusive debate about whether ___.c. The question of whether ___ has caused much debate in [our profession] [over the years].d. (Much of) the current debate revolves around ___.
第5组——讨论
a.在这一节/章节中，讨论将指向__。
b.前面的讨论暗示__。
c.为了便于讨论，我想论证一下__。
d.在这项研究中，讨论的问题是__。
e.本文的讨论集中在__。
f.[X]是关于__的讨论的核心。
Discussion
a. In this section / chapter, the discussion will point to ___.b. The foregoing discussion implies that ___.c. For the sake of discussion, I would like to argue that ___.d. In this study, the question under discussion is ___.e. In this paper, the discussion centers on ___.f. [X] lies at the heart of the discussion on ___.
第6组——证据
a.现有的证据似乎表明__ /指向__。
b.根据现有的证据，似乎可以合理地认为__。
c.有压倒性的证据表明__。
d.支持/反对[X]的进一步证据可能依赖于[Y]的研究结果，他__。
e.这些结果提供了支持的证据。
Evidence
a. The availableevidence seems to suggest that ___ / point to ___.b. On the basis of the evidence currently available, it seems fair to suggest that ___.c. There is overwhelming evidence for the notion that ___.d. Further evidence supporting / against [X] may lie in the findings of [Y], who ___.e. These results provide confirmatory evidence that ___.
第7组——根据（基础)
a.我现在将总结一下这一章的内容。
b.从逻辑上讲，没有令人信服的理由证明__。
c.[X]对[Y]持中间立场，认为__。
d.基于这些理由，我们可以认为__。
e.[X]的观点基于这样的假设，即__。
Ground
a. I will now summarize the ground covered in this [chapter] by ___.b. On logical grounds, there is no compelling reason to argue that ___.c. [X] takes a middle-ground position on [Y] and argues that ___.d. On these grounds, we can argue that ___.e. [X]’s views are grounded on the assumption that ___.
第8组——研究问题
a.这项研究试图解决__。
b.在本研究中，正在审查的问题是__。
c.__是否__的问题被_ _这个事实弄得模糊不清。
d.要用[X]的术语描述该问题，___。
e.鉴于这个问题在[我的主张]中的中心地位，我现在将__。
f.这[章]是关于[如何/是否/什么]的问题。
Issue
a. This study is an attempt to address the issue of ___.b. In the present study, the issue under scrutiny is ___.c. The issue of whether ___ is clouded by the fact that ___.
d. To portray the issue in [X]’s terms, ___.e. Given the centrality of this issue to [my claim], I will now ___.f. This [chapter] is concerned with the issue of [how/whether/what] ___.
第9组——文献
a.[X]在[Y]的文献中是突出的。
b.关于[X]的文献迅速增长，这表明__。
c.文献显示对[X]没有共识，也就是说__。
d.关于[X]的(当前的)文献中有大量的例子。
Literature
a. [X] is prominent in the literature on [Y].b. There is a rapidly growing literature on [X], which indicates that ___.c. The literature shows no consensus on [X], which means that ___.d. The (current) literature on [X] abounds with examples of ___.
第10组——前提（假设)
a.[X]背后的主要理论前提是__。
b.[X]和[Y]共享一个重要前提:_ _ _ _。
c.[X]的前提是假设__。
d.[X]的理论/论点的基本前提是__。
e.反对[X]前提的论点基于[四个]假设:_ _ _ _。
Premise
a. The main theoretical premise behind [X] is that ___.
b. [X] and [Y] share an important premise: ___.
c. [X] is premised on the assumption that ___.
d. The basic premises of [X]’s theory / argument are ___.
e. The arguments against [X]’s premise rest on [four] assumptions: ___.
第11组——研究
a.这项研究借鉴了__进行的研究。
b.虽然对[X]的研究相对较少，___。
c.在过去的[X]年里，[教育]研究为以下论断提供了充分的支持。
d.目前的研究似乎证实了__。
e.对__的研究不支持__的观点。
f.这一领域的进一步研究可能包括_ _ _ _ _和_ _ _ _。
g.研究证明了[X]的证据，表明__。
h.对__的研究不足，无法对__得出任何确定的结论。
Research
a.This study draws on research conducted by ___.
b. Although there has been relatively little research on / into [X], ___.
c. In the last [X] years, [educational] research has provided ample support for the assertion that ___.
d. Current research appears / seems to validate the view that ___.
e. Research on / into ___ does not support the view that ___.
f. Further research in this area may include ___ and ___.
g. Evidence for [X] is borne out by research that shows ___.
h. There is insufficient research on / into ___ to draw any firm conclusions about / on ___.
第12组——观点
a.一致的观点似乎是__。
b.[X]提出观点认为__。
c.目前的研究似乎没有证实这种观点。
d.有不同意见认为。
e.[X] 的答案/[X]和[Y]之间的区别并不像流行观点所暗示的那样清晰。
f.认为____符合[常识]的观点。
g. 我不是唯一持有这一观点的人。
h.[X]提出观点认为__。
i. [X]的观点基于以下假设。
View
a. The consensus view seems to be that ___.
b. [X] propounds the view that ___.
c. Current research (does not) appear(s) to validate such a view.
d. There have been dissenters to the view that ___.
e. The answer to [X] / The difference between [X] and [Y] is not as clear-cut as popular views might suggest.
f. The view that _____ is in line with [common sense].
g. I am not alone in my view that ___.
h. [X] puts forward the view that ___.
i. [X]’s views rest on the assumption that ___.
【1】Luiz Otávio Barros，The Only Academic Phrasebook You"ll Ever Need: 600 Examples of Academic Language，CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform 2016年9月11日
【2】Luiz Otavio Barros，70 useful sentences for academic writing，https://www.luizotaviobarros.com/academic-writing-useful-expressions/
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